The northeastern region is divided into two sub-regions: Northeastern Coastal Region and Northeastern Danube Region.

The relief of the Northeastern Coastal Region is hilly-flat with flat plateaus like the Dobrudzha, Frangen, Avren and Shumen Plateaus. In this sub-region are located the diversions of the Eastern Fore-Balkan and the Eastern Stara Planina Mountains which are of great significance for the region because of their rich forest treasure, water resources and the opportunities for tourism. The climatic conditions are not equal all over the region. The climate is temperate-continental with well-defined sea influence and a coastal line of 30-35 km. In the valleys of the Kamchiya and Provadiya Rivers the sea climatic influence reaches further into the interior of the region.

In the Dobrudzha Plateau the summer is hot, while the winter is cold. The precipitation in the sub-region is little. There are no big rives in the region and in the Dobrich administrative region there are almost no rivers. The rivers in the Varna administrative region are Kamchiya and Provadiya. The biggest lakes are the Varna and Beloslav Lakes which are semi-freshwater lakes. In the Danube coastline are located the lagoon-lakes Shabla, Durankulak and Balchishka Tuzla.

The forests are mainly in the southern slopes of the region and in the Ludogorie. Forests cover the eastern parts of Stara Planina and the Fore-Balkan with the prevalence of oak, beech, hornbeam, acacia and linden.

The soil resources are the biggest treasure of the region. The most northern parts of Dobrudzha are covered with loess. The humus soil is very common for the region together with the alluvial soils along the valleys.

The relief of the Northern Danube Sub-region is determined by its location in the Danube Hilly Plain. The northern parts are occupied by the Danube Coast, the western parts by the Popovo and Razgrad Elevations and the rest-by the Ludogorie. The relief is of the hilly-flat type. The highest altitude is 501 m at the Samuilovi Elevations. The Danube Coast is covered by plains and hilly lands heading steeply towards the rivers. The rivers running through the plains form wide valley broadenings at some places. The Ludogorie and Dobrudzha relieves are cut by canyon-shaped dry valleys. The climatic conditions are typical for the temperate-continental climate. The winters are cold and snowy, while the summers are hot and dry.

The main rivers in the Northeastern Danube Sub-region are Rusenski Lom and Yantra. The rivers in the Ludogorie and Dobrudzha region are inconstant and during the greatest part of the year are dry valleys. The soils in the sub-region are very diverse. There are humus, grey and dark grey forest-type soils. The forests are represented by the following tree types: oak, hornbeam, linden, elm and poplar.

In the Northeastern Coastal Region are located the administrative centers of Varna, Shumen, Dobrich and Razgrad, while in the Northeastern Danube Region - Silistra and Russe.